Amashyaka ya politiki ahanganye muri Iran ari mu makimbirane akomeye kubera inyandiko y’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane (memorandum of understanding) yagiranye na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Tehran, Iran – Kuba Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Iran, Mojtaba Khamenei, agaragaza impungenge ku masezerano y’agateganyo y’amahoro igihugu cye cyagiranye na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, byongereye imbaraga umutwe wa politiki ukaze muri Iran, urwanya gutanga ibyo ari byo byose byorohera Washington.
Birasa n’aho umuyobozi mushya wa Iran yashyize inshingano zo gushyira mu bikorwa ayo masezerano kuri Perezida Masoud Pezeshkian, ufatwa nk’umunyapolitiki udafite uruhande abogamiyeho (moderate). Ubu ariko ari kunengwa cyane n’abanyapolitiki bafite imyemerere ikaze, bemeza ko intambara hagati ya Iran na Amerika ishobora kongera gusubira ibubisi igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
Aya masezerano yashyizweho umukono na Perezida Pezeshkian wa Iran na Perezida Donald Trump wa Amerika, binyuze mu buhuza bwa Pakistan, Qatar n’ibindi bihugu. Ariko kandi arwanywa n’amatsinda yose ya politiki muri Israel, ashyigikira igisubizo cya gisirikare cyo kurwanya Iran kugira ngo hagabanuke imbaraga za Tehran n’ihuriro ryayo ryiswe “axis of resistance”, ririmo n’umutwe witwaje intwaro wa Hezbollah wo muri Libani.
Dore uko ibiganiro n’impaka biri kugenda muri Iran kuva amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yashyirwaho umukono, n’uburyo amatsinda atandukanye ya politiki ayireba.
Ese ibi Mojtaba Khamenei yabivuze iki?
Kuva asimbuye se, Ali Khamenei, ku buyobozi bukuru bwa Iran muri Werurwe, Mojtaba Khamenei ntabwo arongera kugaragara cyangwa kumvikana mu ruhame. Gusa uko abona amasezerano ya Iran na Amerika byagaragajwe neza.
Mu itangazo rigufi ryanditse ryashyizwe ahagaragara ku wa Kane kandi ryitiriwe Mojtaba Khamenei, yagize ati:
“Njye ubwanjye, ku rwego rw’amahame ngenderwaho, nari mfite undi mwanzuro utandukanye.”
Ibi yabivuze yerekeza ku gushyira umukono ku masezerano y’ubwumvikane hagati ya Iran na Amerika.
Ariko iryo tangazo ryavuze ko yemeye gutanga uburenganzira bwo gukomeza ayo masezerano nyuma y’uko Perezida Masoud Pezeshkian yemeye ku mugaragaro kuyabazwa no kuyitaho nk’umukuru w’Inama Nkuru y’Umutekano w’Igihugu.
Khamenei yavuze kandi ko Pezeshkian:
“Yatangaje mu buryo bweruye ko Iran itazemera ibisabwa bikabije igihe uruhande rwa Amerika rwagerageza kubishyiraho.”
Iryo tangazo ryanasobanuye ko ibiganiro bizaba imbonankubone mu minsi iri imbere:
“Bitazaba bivuze kwemera cyangwa kwakira imyanya n’ibyifuzo by’umwanzi.”
Ibinyamakuru bifitanye isano na leta ya Iran byatangaje ko Khamenei yanashyizeho indi ngingo ivuga ko nibura bitatu bya kane (3/4) by’abagize Inama Nkuru y’Umutekano w’Igihugu, harimo n’abayobozi bakuru b’ingabo, bagombaga kwemera ayo masezerano mbere y’uko ashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Bivugwa ko hafi yabagize iyo nama bose batoye bashyigikira ayo masezerano. Gusa kugeza ubu, amakuru arambuye ku buryo itorwa ryakozwe ndetse n’imibare nyakuri y’amajwi yatanzwe ntibiratangazwa cyangwa ngo byemezwe ku mugaragaro.
Abayobozi ba Iran bavuga iki?
Inama Nkuru y’Umutekano w’Igihugu ya Iran yashyize ahagaragara itangazo rigamije guhumuriza Khamenei, ivuga ko izakomeza kurengera “uburenganzira bw’abenegihugu ba Iran n’umutwe w’ibihugu n’amashyaka biharanira kwigenga (resistance front)”, ndetse no guha icyubahiro abayobozi ba Iran bishwe mu ntambara igihugu cyagiranye na Amerika.
Iyo nama yavuze ko izakomeza ibiganiro na Amerika ifite kutayizera ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi ko yamaze gutegura uburyo bwo kwihimura cyangwa gusubiza inyuma mu gihe Amerika yaba yarenze ku ngingo iyo ari yo yose y’amasezerano.
Perezida Masoud Pezeshkian yavuze ko ayo masezerano ari:
“Inyandiko y’amateka ndetse n’ubutumwa buturutse kuri Iran ikomeye, bugaragaza ko amahoro ashoboka gusa binyuze mu kubahana hagati y’impande zombi.”
Mu butumwa yashyize ku rubuga rwa X, yongeyeho ati:
“Iyi nyandiko igaragaza ijwi ry’abenegihugu batigeze bagurisha icyubahiro n’ubwigenge bwabo kubera iterabwoba cyangwa igitutu icyo ari cyo cyose.”
Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Perezida w’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko akaba n’uhagarariye igihugu cya Iran muri iyo mishyikirano mukuru muri ibyo biganiro, yashimiye Khamenei ku butumwa bwe bw’ubwenge n’ubuyobozi bwiza.
Yavuze ko ayo masezerano yafashije kwimurira mu biganiro bya dipolomasi ibyo Iran yagezeho mu ntambara, ariko ko:
“Ari intangiriro gusa y’urugendo rurerure kandi rugoye.”
Ghalibaf kandi yigaragaje nk’ushaka kugira uruhare rukomeye mu kuzahura ubukungu nyuma y’intambara, ndetse asaba ububasha bwo gufata ibyemezo mu gihe ibiganiro bizaba bikomeje.
Yagize ati:
“Sindi umuntu utegereza adafata umwanzuro. Ndasaba ko amakuru n’ibitekerezo byose bikenewe byategurwa kugira ngo mbashe gufata icyemezo gikwiye.”
Yakomeje avuga ko abayobozi ba Iran bagomba:
“Gusimbura abarwanyi bari ku mirongo y’imbere y’urugamba, bagakomera ku mwanya bafite, kandi bakavanaho abaturage umutwaro w’ibibazo by’ubukungu.”
Ibi bibaye mu gihe intambara yarushijeho gukaza ibibazo by’ubukungu Iran yari isanganywe kuva kera.
Kuki abashyigikiye umurongo ugoranye (hardliners) bari kwigaragambya?
Abashyigikiye Khamenei bavuga ko abahagarariye Iran mu mishyikirano bagomba gukomeza gusaba ko Iran igumana ububasha ku Muhora wa Hormuz, kandi ko bagomba guhita bava mu biganiro niba ayo masezerano atabikubiyemo.
Mu myigaragambyo ishyigikiwe na leta yabaye mu mijyi itandukanye ya Iran mu gihe cy’intambara, hagaragaye kunenga Perezida Masoud Pezeshkian, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf na Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga Abbas Araghchi. Aba bayobozi bafatwa nk’abari mu murongo wa politiki uringaniye (moderates), kandi hardliners bababona nk’abashobora gutanga byinshi kuri Amerika.
Mu mujyi wa Shahr-e Ray uri hafi ya Tehran, Mohammad Ali Bakhshi, umusomyi w’indirimbo z’icyunamo z’idini ushyigikiwe na leta, yagize ati:
“Nyakubahwa Perezida, niba ibisabwa n’umuyobozi mukuru bitubahirijwe, tuzakurwanya bikomeye. Tuzatuma ubaho nabi.”
Mehdi Tabatabaei, umukozi ushinzwe itumanaho muri Perezidansi, yasabye ko Bakhshi n’abandi yise “abantu bateye amakenga” bakurikiranwa n’ubutabera kubera guteza amacakubiri hagati y’amatsinda ya politiki muri Iran.
Bamwe mu badepite bafite imyemerere ikaze basabye ko Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yafungurwa burundu. Kuva intambara yatangira, ibikorwa byayo byagabanyijwe cyane usibye inama nke zabereye imbonankubone. Bifuza ko Inteko yabasha guhagarika amasezerano ayo ari yo yose yabona ko abangamira inyungu za Iran.
Mohammad Mannan Raisi, uhagarariye umujyi wa Qom, wanditse kuri X ati:
“Mube abanyabutabera mufungure Inteko Ishinga Amategeko. Umuyobozi wanjye mukuru yasigaye ari wenyine.”
Mu mujyi mutagatifu w’Abashiya wa Mashhad, mu majyaruguru y’iburasirazuba bwa Iran, Ahmad Alamolhoda, uyobora amasengesho yo ku wa Gatanu kandi akaba ahagarariye umuyobozi mukuru muri ako gace, yagize ati:
“Intambara yacu na Washington ntirarangira.”
Yakomeje avuga ko:
“Mu myaka 70 ishize, iyi gahunda yadukoreye ibyaha byinshi, akarengane n’ubwicanyi bukabije. Ese twagombye gusubira inyuma? Kwihorera ku bw’umuyobozi wacu wishwe ntibizagerwaho no kwica umuntu umwe gusa.”
Mu gitondo cyo ku wa Gatandatu, umunsi wa mbere w’akazi muri Iran, ibinyamakuru byinshi byahariye inkuru z’ibanze ubutumwa bwa Khamenei n’ayo masezerano y’ubwumvikane.
Bimwe mu binyamakuru by’abak konservatifu byavuze ko umuyobozi mukuru yemeye ayo masezerano ariko ayashyiraho amananiza n’amabwiriza, kandi ko urugendo rwo kugera ku mahoro arambye na Amerika rugikomeye kandi rukiri rurerure.
Ku rundi ruhande, ikinyamakuru Etemad gishyigikiye impinduka za politiki, cyise memorandum y’ubwumvikane “inyandiko y’intsinzi”, bigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye ry’imyumvire hagati y’abashyigikiye impinduka n’abashyigikiye umurongo ukaze ku bijyanye n’aya masezerano atarashyirwa ahagaragara mu buryo burambuye.
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